2020-2021 Academic Catalog 
    
    Apr 26, 2024  
2020-2021 Academic Catalog [ARCHIVED CATALOG]

Course Descriptions


Courses at Furman are typically identified by codes separated into three distinct parts. The first segment designates the academic subject of the course, the second component relates to the level of instruction, and the final element (when displayed) assists with the identification of the meeting times and location for individual course sections.

Credit bearing undergraduate courses typically are numbered between 100 and 599, graduate instruction is typically numbered between 600 and 999, while zero credit experiences frequently have numbers between 001 and 099. Undergraduates can further expect courses numbers to reflect:

100-299 introductory courses, geared to freshmen and sophomores
300-499 advanced courses, designed for majors and other students with appropriate background and/or prerequisites
500-599 individualized instruction, including internships, research, independent study, and music performance studies
 

Psychology

  
  • PSY-327 Functional Neuroanatomy


    Prerequisite: PSY-320  
    The anatomy of the brain and spinal cord, and how the structure of the central nervous system supports functions including homeostasis, perception, action, and cognition. Hands-on, interactive activities and student-centered learning. 4 credits.
  
  • PSY-328 Sensation and Perception


    NW (Natural World)
    PSY-202
    Examines the psychological and neural systems
    underlying sensory input processing and perceptual
    interpretations of stimuli. Laboratory time will
    allow for hands-on hypotheses-driven
    experimentation of course topics. Taste, smell,
    vision, hearing, touch and motion are emphasized. 4
  
  • PSY-403 Perspectives on Self and Identity


    Prerequisite: PSY-212  and PSY-202  or BIO-222 
    Advanced study of current and classic research on the self, particularly the processes involved in maintaining positive self-views. Topics may include the biases inherent in attributions, memories, and self-assessments, and the possible drawbacks associated with such biases. Read and discuss primary literature. Taught in seminar format. 4 credits.
  
  • PSY-404 Autism


    Prerequisite: PSY-211  and PSY-202  or BIO-222  
    Historical and contemporary theory and scientific research related to autism are examined. Areas of focus include biological and environmental underpinnings of the disorder, aspects of cognition and social development that are affected, and current interventions. An important part of the course is discussion with area experts who specialize in autism. Lab sessions focus on engagement with the local autism community. 4 credits.
  
  • PSY-413 Current Topics in Aging: Research and Practice


    Prerequisite: PSY-202  and PSY-213  
    This seminar requires students to read and discuss primary literature on current issues in the study of Adulthood and Aging. Topics may include memory, everyday problem solving, communication, caregiving, social networks and lifestyle. Group and independent research involving onsite observations and working directly with seniors will be required. 4 credits.
  
  • PSY-414 The Sleeping Brain


    Prerequisite: PSY-320  
    Why do we sleep? In this seminar course, students explore theories of the cognitive function of sleep through reading and discussion of primary source scientific literature, culminating in the development of a research paper on a topic of students’ choosing. 4 credits.
  
  • PSY-415 Placebo Effect


    Prerequisite: BIO-222 , HSC-201  or PSY-202 . PSY-214 Health Psychology  recommended, but not required.
    Advanced seminar consisting of student-led presentations and class discussions based on literature reviews and empirical journal articles. We will seek to understand the placebo response- why people sometimes derive real benefits from an inert treatment or procedure. Students will design an original empirical test of a placebo-related hypothesis and submit a APA-style manuscript proposing their study. 4 credits.
  
  • PSY-416 Brain Imaging


    Prerequisite: PSY-320  
    In-depth look into to the variety of medical brain imaging techniques that are used to address scientific questions in both the clinical and pre-clinical settings. Areas of focus will include: autoradiography, positron emission tomography (PET), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), and Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI). 4 credits.
  
  • PSY-417 Multisensory Processing


    (PSY-202 or BIO-222) and (PSY-320 or PSY-328)
    Sensory systems rarely work in isolation. Students
    will examine how perception is modulated by the
    combination of input from multiple sensory
    systems. Students will discuss scientific
    research, compose short reaction papers and design
    a research proposal. 4
  
  • PSY-418 Eating Disorders


    Prerequisite: PSY-202 , BIO-222 , or HSC-201  and PSY-218   
    Advanced study of eating disorders and obesity. Topics include clinical and subclinical eating disorders, obesity, diagnostic criteria, etiology, risk, preventive, and maintenance factors with an emphasis on prevention and treatment. Students will lead discussions, write a research proposal, present their research to the class, as well as engage in eating disorder prevention efforts in the community as part of an application lab. 4 credits.
  
  • PSY-450 Advanced Research Techniques


    Prerequisite: PSY-202 
    An introduction to and preparation for independent research in a specific sub-field of psychology . Topics include specialized research methodologies, advanced statistics, oral and written communication of research findings, and ethics. A literature review, research proposal and oral presentation. May Experience ONLY. 2 credits.
  
  • PSY-451 Sleep and EEG Research Methods


    Prerequisite: PSY-202  or BIO-222 
    Students learn the fundamentals of EEG data collection and analysis through a mixture of instruction and hands-on experience. During the second half of the course, students will work together in small groups to design, execute, and analyze data from a simple EEG experiment. May Experience ONLY. 2 credits.
  
  • PSY-485 Memory & Metacognition of Learning


    PSY 201/202, PSY 322, or Permission of Instructor
    Capstone seminar exploring how cognitive psychology can be applied to educational contexts. We’ll examine study strategies, metacognition, and beliefs about learning. Students will read, discuss, and present on the primary source literature and will write an APA-style research proposal. 4
  
  • PSY-503 Individualized Internship


    Prerequisite: PSY-111  and instructor permission
    Provides majors with experience in professional psychology. Interns complete a minimum of 100 hours (4 credits) or 50 hours (2 credits) of on-site activities related to internship objectives, complete a comprehensive paper, participate in scheduled seminar meetings, and have individual meetings with their faculty and on-site supervisors. Must be enrolled pass-fail and cannot be included in the ten course psychology major. Graded on a pass-no pass basis. Cannot contribute to major requirements. Pass-no pass only. Variable credit.
  
  • PSY-505 Structured Internship


    Prerequisite: PSY-111  and instructor permission
    Provides majors with experience in mental-health fields. Students develop objectives for the internship experience, read relevant literature, complete a comprehensive paper, submit weekly reflective summaries of their internship activities, participate in biweekly seminar meetings, and present on their internship experience. Interns complete a minimum of 35 hours of site work per academic credit. Graded on a pass-no pass basis. Interns complete a minimum of 35 hours of site work per academic credit. Pass-no pass only. Variable credit.
  
  • PSY-509 Supervised Research


    Prerequisite: PSY-202  or BIO-222  and PSY-111  and instructor permission
    Participation in all or several phases of the research process, including literature review, research design, creation of materials and stimuli, data collection, data entry, and data analysis and interpretation. Mut produce a written or oral summary of the research project. Does not contribute to the 10 course major. May be retaken for credit. Does not contribute to major requirements. Variable credit.
  
  • PSY-510 Thesis


    Prerequisite: PSY-202  or BIO-222  and PSY-111  and instructor permission
    Conduct original research under the supervision of a three-person committee (chaired by the supervising faculty member). A proposal, research paper and an oral presentation are required.  May contribute only once to major requirements. 4 credits.

Religion

  
  • REL-101 Introduction to Religion


    GER: UQ (Ultimate Questions)
    Exploration of the phenomenon of religion as manifested in the variety of religious experiences and expressions, including symbols, myths, rituals, and religious literature. Sacred writings from a variety of religious traditions will be considered. Rather than a systematic introduction to individual traditions, this course considers the nature of common religious forms.  4 credits.
  
  • REL-111 Bible and Ultimate Meaning


    GER: UQ (Ultimate Questions)
    A study of selected biblical texts with an a focus on ultimate questions raised and addressed by those texts. Throughout consideration is given to the fact that not only different perspectives on these questions but also different answers are voiced within the Bible itself.  Typical topics include: creation, the human condition, death, salvation, the nature of God and divine/human interaction, wisdom, happiness, and a variety of ethical issues with contemporary relevance. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-125 Religions of the World


    GER: WC (World Cultures)
    Important ideas and practices of selected major religions in historical and cultural context. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-200 Introduction to Biblical Hebrew


    Introduction to the grammar, syntax, and vocabulary of biblical Hebrew. The focus is on learning to translate texts from the Hebrew Bible with the assistance of electronic tools, for the purpose of supporting students’ critical exegesis of the biblical text. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-210 Introduction to the Old Testament


    GER: TA (critical, analytical interpretation of texts)
    The Old Testament in its historical context, with emphases on the forms and contents of its literature and the religion of ancient Israel. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-211 New Testament and Early Christianity


    GER: TA (critical, analytical interpretation of texts)
    Study of the New Testament and other early Christian writings in the context of the social and historical development of Jesus communities both within and outside of Judaism. Emphasis on the diversity of early Christian texts and communities. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-212 Genesis


    GER: UQ (Ultimate Questions)
    Close interpretation of Genesis through Jewish and Christian history, modern scholarship, and personal engagement. Questions include the structure of creation, the meaning of life, and the interaction between God and the world in mythic narratives. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-214 Apocalypse


    An examination of the apocalyptic genre, including its literary, cultural, and historical features as well as its theological motifs. Focus on apocalyptic texts in the Hebrew Bible, the Christian Scriptures, and non-canonical documents. The appropriation of apocalyptic themes throughout history in artistic forms such as art, fiction, and film, with particular attention to how apocalyptic thinking continues to shape 21st century ways of being in the world. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-216 Digital Bible


    GER: TA (critical, analytical interpretation of texts)
    An introduction to the philosophy and method of biblical translation and interpretation, particularly drawing upon digital resources such as online texts, ebooks, and biblical software. An academic interpretation of the Bible, using electronic tools to explore the original Hebrew and Greek and to evaluate English translations of the Bible and theological arguments based on them. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-220 Introduction to Judaism


    GER: UQ (Ultimate Questions)
    Overview of the development, beliefs and practices of Judaism. Historical, cultural, and theological issues related to Judaism’s influence on and interaction with Christianity and Islam, are considered throughout. Significant here are the nature of humanity, the concept of the people of God and chosenness, the messiah, the relationship to the land of Israel, and Zionism.   4 credits.
  
  • REL-221 Native American Religions


    GER: UQ (Ultimate Questions) and WC (World Cultures)
    Considers the diverse sacred stories, rituals, and worldviews of selected Native American tribes and the way in which geography, climate, and experience, both individual and social, are related to them.  Common themes that are markedly different from those of European cultures, such as the sacredness of nature and the lack of a separate category of life identified as religion are also considered. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-222 Introduction to Islam


    GER: UQ (Ultimate Questions) and WC (World Cultures)
    An examination of the origins and development of Islam,the world’s second largest religious tradition. Particular attention is given to the formation of Islamic faith andpractice as well as contemporary manifestations of Islam in Asia, Africa, and North America. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-223 Hindu Cultures and Religious Worlds


    GER: UQ (Ultimate Questions) and WC (World Cultures)
    Exploration of Hindu beliefs and practices with an emphasis on major religious themes that link classical traditions with popular piety. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-224 Introduction to Buddhism


    GER: UQ (Ultimate Questions) and WC (World Cultures)
    Examining the doctrines, practices, and communal life of the Buddhist religious tradition. Beginning with the origins of Buddhism in India, its spread and transformation through Asia and to the West. Exploring the various interpretations about Buddhology, the meaning of Dharma and how it becomes embodied in practice. Studying the Buddhist perspectives and approaches to issues and challenges Buddhist face in the modern world. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-225 Religion in Africa


    GER: UQ (Ultimate Questions) and WC (World Cultures)
    Introduction to major religious cultures of Africa. It explores three major types: African Traditional Religions (ATR), African Islam, and African Christianity. Focus on the variety of beliefs concerning Divinity, creation, the human person, and society. Relationship of these ideas to symbolic, ritual, and communal dimension of African life. Special attention to the role of Christianity as a catalyst of change, the emergence of the African Independent Churches (AIC), and new African theologies. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-226 Eastern Orthodoxy and Roman Catholicism


    GER: UQ (Ultimate Questions)
    The development, beliefs, institutions, and public and private practices of Eastern Orthodox Christianity and Roman Catholicism. Relationship of these traditions to each other and to Protestantism also examined. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-227 Religions of South Asia


    GER: WC (World Cultures)
    Introduction to contemporary religions of South Asia by examining the religions that have developed in the Indian subcontinent151Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism, and Sikhism151as well as the influences of religions born elsewhere–Islam, Christianity, and others. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-228 History of God


    GER: UQ (Ultimate Questions)
    Survey of scriptures and theologies of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam in historical perspective. Emphasis on the historical backgrounds in which the three Abrahamic religions arose, the development of sacred scriptures, and the theological struggles of late antiquity and early medieval times shaping orthodox as well as heterodox segments of these three religions. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-229 Sufi Islam


    GER: UQ (Ultimate Questions) and WC (World Cultures)
    The history, contemporary practices, and worldview of Sufism, the mystical branch of Islam. Following an overview of Islam and Sufism’s development within the larger Islamic tradition, the course examines the way in which Sufi practitioners, practices, and institutions profoundly influenced the culture, religion, and politics of the world, especially in the Middle East, Central and South Asia, and North Africa. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-230 Religion in America


    GER: HA (Historical Analysis of Human Interactions)
    Historical survey of belief systems and practices of the religions and civil religion of Americans and the relationship of these to American culture. Emphasis on principal denominations and movements within and growing out of Judaism and Christianity. Native American religions, the American form of selected other religions, new religious movements studied briefly. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-232 African-American Religious History


    GER: HA (Historical Analysis of Human Interactions)
    A survey of prominent figures, themes, issues, and developments in African American religion in the United States and how these individuals and ideas shaped and continue to shape African American religious expression. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-233 Martin Luther King and the Religion of Social Reform


    GER: UQ (Ultimate Questions)
    An examination of Martin Luther King, Jr.’s religious background, his theological development, and the ways in which his intellectual and religious life influenced and continues to influence American religious life and thought. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-235 History of Christianity to 600 CE


    GER: HA (Historical Analysis of Human Interactions)
    Surveys the history of Christianity from the apostolic era to the end of late antiquity (roughly 600 CE). Emphasis on the interplay of religious and cultural change, with special attention to institutional developments and to popular devotional practices. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-236 History of Christianity in the Middle Ages


    GER: HA (Historical Analysis of Human Interactions)
    Survey of Christian civilizations in the Middle Ages (c. 600-1500), both in the Latin West, as well as in the Byzantine and Syriac East. Attention will be paid to the social, institutional, and intellectual dimensions of religious life, as well as to ways in which understandings of an idealized “Christendom” affected interactions with religious others, especially Muslims and Jews. 4 credits
  
  • REL-237 Reformation and Modernity


    GER: HA (Historical Analysis of Human Interactions)
    A survey of the History of Christianity from the late Middle Ages through the Early Modern Period. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-239 Material Religion in Reformation Europe


    Conducted on-site in Italy, Germany, and Switzerland, this course will introduce students to the dramatic upheavals in the visual and material cultures of Western Europe brought about by the religious reform movements of the sixteenth century. May Experience ONLY. 2 credits.
  
  • REL-240 Basic Christian Theology


    GER: UQ (Ultimate Questions)
    Introduction to what the Christian community as a whole has believed, taught, and confessed on the basis of Scripture and theological reflection. Examining the nature of theology, and its traditional expressions in such topics as the Trinitarian understanding of God, human sinfulness, reconciliation, and servant hood, and God146s relation to the world in creation, providence, and eschaton. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-241 Christian Classics


    GER: UQ (Ultimate Questions)
    Interpretation of texts expressing the devotional tradition of Christian faith, with emphasis on their time, place, and ecclesiastical tradition, as well as the perennial human issues they raise. Texts vary, but can include works by Augustine, Francis of Assisi, Julian of Norwich, Martin Luther, John Woolman, Soren Kierkegaard and Dietrich Bonhoeffer. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-242 Modern Christian Thought


    GER: UQ (Ultimate Questions)
    Introduction to Christian thought in the western tradition with a focus on the European Enlightenment critiques and counter-critiques, the Romantic movement, and the rise of modern historical consciousness. Emphasis will be on liberal Protestantism; however, Catholic modernism will also be discussed. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-246 Body and Soul in Christian Thought


    Exploration of Christian debates over human nature and the quest for God, drawing on sources from the first through the seventeenth centuries. Among our questions will be: What are human beings? How are human beings reconciled to God? What is the relationship between human and divine in Jesus Christ? 4 credits.
  
  • REL-247 God, War and Empire


    GER: UQ (Ultimate Questions)
    Examine the intersection of politics and religion in the context of armed conflict. Read a range of classic and contemporary texts and apply concepts to historic and contemporary case studies. Topics include violence and the state in the Hebrew Bible and in Hellenistic philosophy, the political aims and pacifism of Jesus; the emergence of “just war” traditions of theology and jurisprudence in Christianity and Islam; and religious rhetoric in American foreign policy. Discuss the ways theology and political theory bring insights to the most pressing contemporary legal and foreign policy issues. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-248 Religion and the Environment


    GER: UQ (Ultimate Questions) and NE (Humans and the Natural Environment)
    The relationship of religious traditions to the natural world, in historical, theological, and ethical perspectives. Topics include: human attitudes to nature; biblical traditions concerning creation; Christian and scientific views of nature; the current ecological crisis; and resources for respecting nature within the world’s spiritual traditions. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-249 History of Christianity in the Middle Ages


    Historical Analysis (HA)
    A survey of Christian civilizations in the Middle Ages (c. 600-1500), both in the Latin West, as well as in the Byzantine and Syriac East. Attention will be paid to the social, institutional, and intellectual dimensions of religious life, as well as to ways in which understandings of an idealized “Christendom” affected interactions with religious others, especially Muslims and Jews. 4
  
  • REL-251 Jerusalem: One City, Three Faiths


    GER: HA (Historical Analysis of Human Interactions)
    The history of the city of Jerusalem from biblical times to the present with a particular emphasis on Jewish, Christian, and Muslims claims to and interactions with this city. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-252 Judaism in the Time of Jesus


    GER: HA (Historical Analysis of Human Interactions)
    Extra-biblical primary sources, both literary and archaeological, for Judaism from the late Second Temple Period (c. 2nd century B.C.E. through 1st century C. E.). Attention will also be paid to Jewish sources from a wider time frame and to the emergence of the early Christian community in Jerusalem. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-253 Jainism: Karma and Liberation


    An introduction to the doctrines, rituals, and
    ethics of Jain religious practice. Attention given
    to historical and cultural context of community.
    We link classical forms to contemporary
    expressions. Topics include: the role of ascetic
    practice, the relation between lay and monastics,
    the significance of karma, rebirth and spiritual
    liberation, and the centrality of Ahimsa
    (non-violence) to Jain practice. In the course, we
    also look at adaptations of Jain practice in the
    South Carolina. 2
  
  • REL-260 Religion and Literature


    GER: TA (Critical, Analytical Interpretations of Text)
    Readings of novels, poems, plays, chiefly modern, with emphasis on human transformation, the relationship between narrative structure and religious meaning, and the sacramental imagination. Texts have included works by Tolstoy, Hesse, Sartre, F. O’Connor, W. Percy, Dinesen, Robbe-Grillet, Kundera, and works on narrative theology and literary criticism. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-261 Brothers Karamazov


    Intensive study of Fyodor Dostoyevsky’s novel, The Brothers Karamazov. The possibility of faith, Christianity as an organized religion, the relation of beauty to truth, the confrontation between good and evil, the nature of history, and the existence of God. Emphasis will be on the novel itself, but some attention will be given to critical sources. May Experience ONLY. 2 credits.
  
  • REL-262 Religion and Art


    GER: VP (Visual and Performing Arts) and WC (World Cultures)
    Exploration of the relationship between aesthetic material expressions of religion (e.g., architecture sculpture, icons) and religious orthodoxy (i.e., belief) & orthopraxy (i.e., practice)in three religious traditions: Christianity, Islam, and Hinduism. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-263 The Bible in Modern Culture


    Exploration of controversial issues related to the Bible in modern culture, with emphasis on biblical passages that have been at the center of passionate religious debate. Topics will include creation and evolution; Jesus and Christian theology; war and violence; and identity issues related to gender, sexuality, and race. May Experience ONLY. 2 credits.
  
  • REL-264 Carolina Dharma: Ritual Spaces among Hindus and Jains


    The contextualization of Hindu, Jain, and Buddhist traditions in upstate South Carolina. Historical and cultural background of the region, especially examining the impact of Evangelical Christianity on its norms and values. Development of Hindu, Jain, and Buddhist communities over the last forty years and the role that ritual practice and the construction of sacred spaces (Hindu Temples, Buddhist viharas) has played in the adaptive process. May Experience ONLY. 2 credits.
  
  • REL-267 Art and Religion in Greece


    Examines the relationship between religion and art in Greece, i.e., how religious belief and practice exist interdependently with visual images (Orthodox icons and Islamic calligraphy) and architectural forms (church and mosque architecture). 2 credits.
  
  • REL-268 Religious Studies in Greece


    Prerequisite: REL-267  
    Survey of Greek Religious History, especially Classical Greek religions, early Christianity, and Byzantine Christianity. Other traditions such as Oriental Orthodoxy (e.g., Armenian Christianity) and various historical forms of Judaism and Islam. May Experience ONLY. 2 credits.
  
  • REL-269 Art and Religion in Turkey


    Study of Byzantine (Eastern Christian) and Islamic art in Turkey, with a particular emphasis on the architecture of churches and mosques and on Orthodox icons. The relationship between art and religious meaning is the principal focus of the course. 2 credits.
  
  • REL-270 Religious Studies in Turkey


    Survey of religious history in Turkey, with focus on early Christianity, Byzantine Christianity, and Islam in the Ottoman Empire and the modern period. May Experience ONLY. 2 credits.
  
  • REL-271 Contemporary Southern Baptists


    This course focuses on social and theological developments in the post 1960s South and considers how they are changing the Southern Baptist Convention. Includes class visits to Greenville churches and interviews with local Baptist leaders that exemplify the change and tensions. Congregational field studies required. May Experience ONLY. 2 credits.
  
  • REL-272 Jimmy Carter: Southern Baptist


    Interaction between President Jimmy Carter146s Baptist heritage, his career, and thought. Studies how this interaction reflects recent developments in Baptist polity and theology. Field trips to Carter Center, Carter National Historic Site, and possibly an interview with Carter. May Experience ONLY. 2 credits.
  
  • REL-273 Malcolm X


    Examines the social and religious impact of Malcolm X’s life and activism. May Experience ONLY. 2 credits.
  
  • REL-276 Religion and Black Popular Culture


    Exploration of intersection of religion and African-American popular culture as depicted in movies, television, music and literature including consideration of influences both external and internal. May Experience ONLY. 2 credits.
  
  • REL-277 Indigenous Religion and Culture in SW US


    Study of Navajo, Hopi, and Pueblo Cultures through visits to museums, archaeological sites, and reservation villages. Students attend traditional corn dances and visit various sacred sites, homes, schools, churches, medical facilities and corn fields. May Experience ONLY. 2 credits.
  
  • REL-278 Land and Religion in the Holy Lands


    Visits to biblical and post-biblical sites in order to better understand their importance to the early histories of Judaism and Christianity. Concerns will also include the ways in which Jews, Christians, and Muslims have impacted the material culture of Israel and Jordan over the course of many centuries. Complex understanding of religious and political conflicts that Israel in particular, and the Middle East more broadly, currently face. Students will encounter a land that has remained central to Jewish, Christian, and Muslim imagination and aspirations for thousands of years, and see how understanding the past is crucial for interpreting the present.  May Experience ONLY. 2 credits.
  
  • REL-279 Holy Land: Pilgrim Experience and Political Struggle


    Views of pilgrims through the ages as they have approached the Holy Lands, along with the sacred struggles that many have faced in retaining their hold on the land. Special attention will be paid to student experience as pilgrims to the land of Israel/Palestine, and their evolving views on the political (and often sacred) struggle for control of the land. 2 credits.
  
  • REL-310 Old Testament Prophets


    GER: HA (Historical Analysis of Human Interactions)
    Study of the phenomenon of Hebrew prophecy and the Hebrew prophets in their historical context, with emphases on the literary forms of prophetic literature and the social, political, and religious values of the prophets. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-311 Wisdom Literature


    GER: UQ (Ultimate Questions)
    Study of Proverbs, Job, Qoheleth, and other Wisdom writings of the Hebrew Bible and Apocrypha, and their relationship to other literature, ancient and modern. Topics include: pain and suffering, the origin and nature of evil in a theocentric world, and the nature of the good life. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-314 The Torah


    GER: TA (Critical, Analytical Interpretations of Text)
    Examination of the literary, historical and religious dimensions of the first five books of the Hebrew Bible. Topics include the compositional history of the text and the development of ancient Israelite religion. Special attention given to contemporary issues in interpretation, including feminist, sociological and postmodern approaches to the text. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-316 Biblical Text and Canon


    GER: UQ (Ultimate Questions)
    Historical study of the origin of the Christian Bible with particular emphasis on the processes involved in the preservation of the text, determination of canonicity, and the issues of meaning involved in the concepts of inspiration, authority, and canon. Study of the factors, historical, social, and theological, that prompted the genesis and final form of the biblical canon. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-317 History of Bible Translation


    WR (Writing/Research Intensive)
    Survey of the history of Bible translation, beginning with ancient versions, continuing through the Reformation, and ending with the amazing variety of modern Bibles. Focuses on translation as a theological, social, and political act of interpretation. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-318 Jesus and the Gospels


    GER: TA (critical, analytical interpretation of texts)
    Exploration of early Christian gospels, both canonical and non-canonical, focusing on the distinctive literary features of each of the four canonical gospels and the relationships among them. Also, modern quests for the historical Jesus, raising questions of the relationship between narrative, history, theology and text. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-319 Paul’s Life and Thought


    GER: TA (Critical, Analytical Interpretation of Texts)
    Introduction to the writings and social world of Pauline Christianity. Topics include: Paul among Jews and Gentiles, Christianity’s emergence from Judaism, concepts such as “faith” and “law,” and Pauline responses to issues such as slavery and empire. Includes an examination of canonical Pauline texts, later appropriations of Paul’s authority, and central theological Pauline tenets.     4 credits.
  
  • REL-322 Muhammad and the Qur’an


    GER: TA (Critical, Analytical Interpretation of Texts)
    Prerequisite: one course in Religion
    Exploration the Life of Muhammad and the origins of the Qur’an from historical critical perspective. Special attention is given to new lines of scholarship which challenge traditional Muslim understandings of the origin of Islam. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-323 Women, Gender, Islam


    GER: WC (World Cultures)
    Investigation into the role of gender in Islamic sacred texts, religious practice and law, and Islamicate history. The relationship between cultural and religious attitudes toward gender in Muslim societies, and links between Orientalist and Islamist (147fundamentalist148) discourses on gender will be explored. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-325 Women and Power in Hinduism


    GER: UQ (Ultimate Questions) and WC (World Cultures)
    Exploration into Hindu women’s religious lives and the female nature of power in Hindu cosmology, mythology, and society. Attention given to the complex interrelationships among mythic, domestic, and economic gender hierarchies, particularly in the contemporary cultural context. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-327 East Asian Buddhism


    GER: UQ (Ultimate Questions) and WC (World Cultures)
    Aspects of East Asian Buddhism, focusing on the Bodhisattva model. The development of early Indian Buddhism and its role in the debate between early Buddhist schools and the emergent Mahayana views. The role of this model in the hagiographic traditions of Buddhist monks, nuns, founders, and saints. Special attention given to the pantheon of Bodhisattva Savior figures, such as Guan Yin (Kannon), Dizong (Jizo), and Milo (Maitreya). 4 credits.
  
  • REL-328 Religions in Japan


    GER: UQ (Ultimate Questions) and WC (World Cultures)
    Introduces the role of religion in Japanese culture. Examines historic Buddhist, Shinto, Confucian, Daoist, and Christian forms and how these relate to contemporary practice, piety, and beliefs. Explores the impact of contemporary “New Religions” in Japanese life. Special attention given to the role of pilgrimage, ancestor and funeral rites, and concepts ofkarma, rebirth, enlightenment, and afterlife. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-331 History and Theology of Christian Worship


    GER: UQ (Ultimate Questions)
    Introduction to the study of Christian worship, surveying the history, theology, and diversity of worship texts and practices throughout its many social contexts. Liturgical practices of various historical periods will be identified and critiqued, leading to an exploration of Christian worship in the current postmodern and multicultural context. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-332 Wealth and Poverty in Christian Tradition


    GER: UQ (Ultimate Questions)
    An examination in which wealth and poverty have been interpreted within the Christian tradition, beginning with analysis of relevant biblical texts and surveying developments in late ancient, medieval, and modern contexts. Special attention will be directed to the history of biblical interpretation in light of changing social and economic conditions. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-333 Middle Eastern Christianity: History and Theology


    Global Awareness: World Cultures (WC)
    History, theology, & wider religious significance of the diverse minority Christian traditions indigenous to the Middle East: Oriental Orthodoxy, Eastern & Latin Rite Catholicism, and Assyrian Church of the East. Current diaspora issues also studied. 4
  
  • REL-340 Faith and Ethics


    GER: UQ (Ultimate Questions)
    Study of human values and conduct in light of the basic affirmations of Christian faith. Topics include: the nature of moral reasoning, the use of the Bible in Christian ethics, the relationship between religious faith, the moral life, and social justice, comparison of Christian ethics with those of other faith traditions, and contemporary ethical problems. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-341 Religious Pluralism


    GER: UQ (Ultimate Questions)
    Study of Christian and non-Christian attitudes toward the plurality of religions. Focus on the variety of theological responses to religious pluralism and their implications for interfaith dialogue. A historical survey of western attitudes toward religious diversity is also undertaken. Readings include both theological and literary works. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-343 Liberation Theologies


    GER: UQ (Ultimate Questions)
    Examining some of the classic texts in Latin American, black, womanist, and feminist liberation theology and understanding their sources, methods, hermeneutics, and primary themes. In addition, attention will be devoted to German political theology in its call for a radical transformation of theology in light of the massive suffering in human history. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-344 Black Liberation and Womanist Theologies


    GER: WR (Writing-Research Intensive) and UQ (Ultimate Questions)
    Prerequisite: any first year writing seminar
    The history, provocations, themes in and critics of black liberation theology and womanist theology. Writers studied include: James Cone, Dwight Hopkins, Emilie Townes, Katie Cannon, and Jacquelyn Grant. Examining the ways in which these writers construct “blackness” and the role of Christian theology and ethics in addressing black oppression and white supremacy. Also, critics of black liberation and womanist theology. Examining the writings of critics like Anthony B. Pinn and Victor Anderson and discussing their critiques of black liberation and womanist thought. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-348 Augustine of Hippo


    GER: UQ (Ultimate Questions)
    Prerequisite: one course in Religion
    In-depth examination of the life and work of Augustine of Hippo. Works from all stages of his career, and focus on how his thought developed in its historical context. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-351 Encountering Texts on Travel Study


    GER: TA (Critical, Analytical Interpretations of Texts)
    Analysis of written religious texts and sacred pilgrimages associated with program-specific travel study sites. Relationships between texts, religious meaning, culture, and geography are considered along with ways pilgrimage activities are embodied religious (theological) texts. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-360 Women and Religion in the West


    GER: UQ (Ultimate Questions)
    Investigation into the roles of women, feminine images, and women’s issues in Western religion, especially in Christianity and Judaism. Exploration of the methods and formative writings of feminist and womanist scholars in Bible, ethics, theology, etc. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-361 Religion and Science


    GER: UQ (Ultimate Questions)
    Comparative study of these fundamental interpretative systems, examining historical conflicts (especially Copernican astronomy and evolutionary theory), the nature, methods, and presuppositions of each, and contemporary issues involving both. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-363 Sexuality and Christian Theologies


    GER: UQ (Ultimate Questions)
    Prerequisite: any one course in religion
    The theology of sexuality, the connection between sexuality and spirituality, gender relations, and sexual orientation. The intersection between ethics and sexuality, including singlehood, marriage, celibacy, sexual violence and pornography. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-364 Religion and Art in Christianity, Judaism and Islam


    VP (Visual and Performing Arts) and WC (World Cultures)
    Relationships between the aesthetic and religious dimensions of human experience in Christianity (both Eastern and Western), Judaism, and Islam are examined. Particular emphasis will be given to the architecture of churches, mosques, synagogues, adn Eastern Orthodox icons. The way in which aesthetic forms embody and materially convey religious meaning and shape liturgical practice will be the major focus. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-370 Navajo: Body, Medicine, Health


    Central to Navajo (Diné) life is sacred balance,
    hózhó, which includes not only “religious”
    conceptions but views of health, the body, and
    medicine. Focus is on traditional practices but
    mixing of indigenous and modern medicine is also
    included. 2
  
  • REL-372 Eastern Orthodox & Roman Catholic Rites: Healing & Death


    Focuses on Biblical & Historical Christian
    theologies of health & healing embodied in Rites
    for Anointing Sick & in funerals. Throughout
    considers practices & ideas relevant for
    contemporary medical professionals and Christian
    theology broadly. 2
  
  • REL-401 Theory and Method in the Study of Religion


    An introduction to the central methodological issues in the study of Religion. It is intended to help students reflect systematically and critically on ?religion? as a category and on the ways in which scholars have defined and approached the field. Religion majors only. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-475 Senior Seminar


    WR (Writing/Research Intensive)
    4 credits.
  
  • REL-504 Directed Independent Study


    Variable credit.

Science

  
  • SCI-150 Introduction to Undergraduate Research


    Introduction of concepts necessary to conduct undergraduate research through the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. Good laboratory practice, ethical conduct of research, and scientific presentation and publication. 2 credits.
 

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