2021-2022 Academic Catalog 
    
    Apr 30, 2024  
2021-2022 Academic Catalog [ARCHIVED CATALOG]

Course Descriptions


Courses at Furman are typically identified by codes separated into three distinct parts. The first segment designates the academic subject of the course, the second component relates to the level of instruction, and the final element (when displayed) assists with the identification of the meeting times and location for individual course sections.

Credit bearing undergraduate courses typically are numbered between 100 and 599, graduate instruction is typically numbered between 600 and 999, while zero credit experiences frequently have numbers between 001 and 099. Undergraduates can further expect courses numbers to reflect:

100-299 introductory courses, geared to freshmen and sophomores
300-499 advanced courses, designed for majors and other students with appropriate background and/or prerequisites
500-599 individualized instruction, including internships, research, independent study, and music performance studies
 

Politics and International Affairs: Engaged Learning

  
  • POL-415 Poverty and the Law


    Through readings, discussions and field trips (to courtrooms, Legal Aid, public defenders, ICE, DSS, prisons) considering the factual and ethical aspects of the relationship between poverty and the law in the US. May Experience ONLY. 2 credits.
  
  • POL-416 Farm


    An introduction to farm policy, agricultural history, and contemporary issues in agriculture policy (nitrogen run-off, impact of global markets, biofuels). Course is taught on a working farm in north central Iowa. May Experience ONLY. 2 credits.
  
  • POL-417 Politics & National Integration in Ireland


    Examines theories of national integration, democratic accountability, political culture, and nation-building. Students will explore these ideas in the political contexts of Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. May Experience ONLY. 2 credits.
  
  • POL-418 Democracy the Scandanavian Way


    Exploration of politics and policies in the United States and Scandinavia. The course includes briefings by experts and policy makers on location. May Experience ONLY. 2 credits.
  
  • POL-419 Welfare States in America and Scandinavia


    Prerequisite: POL-101  
    Advanced exploration of welfare states in the United States and Scandinavia. The course includes briefings by experts and policy makers on location. May Experience ONLY. 2 credits.
  
  • POL-422 South Carolina Politics and Policy


    Prerequisite: POL-101  
    Constitutional underpinnings, politics, institutions and policies of South Carolina’s government. Typically offered in conjunction with the State Capital Experience travel study program in Columbia, SC. Typically offered in conjunction with the State Capital Experience travel study program in Columbia, SC. 4 credits.
  
  • POL-423 The European Union in Theory


    Prerequisite: POL-102  
    Exploration of prescriptive and explanatory approaches to the post-World War II integration of Europe. The course includes briefings by academics on location in Europe. 4 credits. 4 credits.
  
  • POL-424 The European Union in Practice


    Prerequisite: POL-102  
    Examination of the institutions, policy-making processes and policies of the European Union. Includes visits to EU institutions and briefings by experts and policy makers on location in Brussels and other European capitals. 4 credits. 4 credits.
  
  • POL-440 Economics and Political Analysis of the Eurpoean Union


    Prerequisite: POL-102  
    Same as ECN-371 . An examination of the formation, implementation and operation of the European Union, with special emphasis on political and economic issues. Taught as part of the Furman program in Europe. Students may not receive credit for both ECN-371 and POL-440. 4 credits. 4 credits.
  
  • POL-441 Issues in Central and Eastern European Politics


    Prerequisite: POL-102  
    Examination of change in Central and Eastern Europe, with emphasis on such topics as the politics of democratization, economic transformation, international security, and environmental degradation and protection. 4 credits.
  
  • POL-442 Issues in African Politics


    Prerequisite: POL-102  
    Examination of change in Africa, with emphasis on such topics as the politics of democratization, ethnicity, economic development, the environment and international relations. 4 credits.
  
  • POL-443 Issues in Chinese Politics


    Prerequisite: POL-102  
    Examination of China in the post-Mao era, focusing on the pressures for reform and the central government146s ongoing struggle to maintain control while liberalizing the political and economic system. Includes interviews with government officials and citizens in Shanghai. 4 credits.
  
  • POL-444 Issues in Latin American Politics


    GER: HB (Empirical Study of Human Behavior)
    Prerequisite: POL-102  
    A comparative analysis focusing on the persistence of authoritarianism and the processes and challenges associated with democratic transition and consolidation in selected Latin American countries. Taken as a component of Furman’s Latin America study away program. Taken as a component of Furman’s Latin America study away program. 4 credits.

Politics and International Affairs: Seminars and Individualized Instruction

  
  • POL-370 Capstone Seminar in Politics & International Affairs


    Prerequisite: POL-101 , POL-102 , POL-103  and POL-150  
    Reading, research and writing course for majors that covers a specific topic in political science. 4 credits.
  
  • POL-371 Senior Research Seminar


    Prerequisite: instructor permission
    Guided research and writing on a topic in any field of political science proposed by the student and approved by the instructor. 4 credits.
  
  • POL-504 Directed Independent Study


    Prerequisite: instructor and department permission.
    Variable credit.

Poverty Studies

  
  • PVS-101 Introduction to Poverty Studies


    Definition, scope, and measurement of poverty; experiences and effects of living in poverty; individual and structural causes; rights, claims, and obligations regarding poverty; successes and failures in the alleviation of poverty; current proposals. 4 credits.
  
  • PVS-102 Living in Poverty


    Readings, lectures, field experiences, community speakers, and critical reflection to assist students who are considering internships associated with the Poverty Studies concentration or other similar experiences. May Experience ONLY. 2 credits.

Psychology

  
  • PSY-111 General Psychology


    GER: HB (Empirical Study of Human Behavior)
    Comprehensive introduction to psychology as a behavioral science through a survey of historical, empirical, and theoretical perspectives of psychological research. Topics include: biological bases of behavior, development, learning, personality, cognition, perception, motivation, behavior disorders, and social psychology. Students must either participate in research projects or write summaries of published research articles. 4 credits.
  
  • PSY-150 Psychology in the Archives


    The history of psychology through archival fieldwork. Students will create an online exhibit that showcases a key researcher or concept from the history of psychology based on information gathered from archives. May Experience ONLY. May Experience ONLY. 2 credits.
  
  • PSY-152 Discovering Psychology’s European Roots


    Study the history of psychology by visiting the original laboratories and cultures that gave rise to the discipline. Includes the culture and historical context influencing early psychological theories and the relevance of these theories for contemporary psychology. May Experience ONLY. 2 credits.
  
  • PSY-201 Research Methods and Statistics I


    GER: WR (Writing-Research Intensive) and HB (Empirical Study of Human Behavior)
    Prerequisite: any first year writing seminar and PSY-111  
    Introduction to the principles of science, research design, data collection with animals and/or humans, statistical analysis, and scientific writing. Designed to acquaint students with the scientific methods used to study behavior; covers the fundamental methodological, statistical, and writing skills necessary for most advanced psychology courses. Lab work, computer analysis of data, and written reports of laboratory projects are integral to the course. 4 credits.
  
  • PSY-202 Research Methods and Statistics II


    Prerequisite: PSY-201  (enrolled consecutively in the same semester)
    Continuation of first research methods and statistics course. Introduction to the principles of science, research design, data collection with animals and humans, statistical analysis, and scientific writing. Designed to acquaint students with the scientific methods used to study behavior; covers the fundamental methodological, statistical, and writing skills necessary for most advanced psychology courses. Lab work, computer analysis of data, and written reports of laboratory projects are integral to the course. 4 credits.
  
  • PSY-210 Poverty and Child Development


    Examination of the relationship between poverty and child health and development in the cultural context of southern Africa. Major areas of focus include malnutrition, health, education, cognitive and socio-emotional development. Resilience, HIV orphans, and policy issues are also discussed. 4 credits.
  
  • PSY-211 Childhood and Adolescence


    GER: HB (Empirical Study of Human Behavior)
    Prerequisite: PSY-111  
    The psychological principles and processes of human development from conception through adolescence. Theory and empirical research related to physical, cognitive, social, and emotional development are reviewed. 4 credits.
  
  • PSY-212 Social Psychology


    GER: HB (Empirical Study of Human Behavior)
    Prerequisite: PSY-111 
    Study of individual human behavior as it affects and is affected by other people. Topics include the self, attitudes, group dynamics, prejudice, interpersonal attraction, impression formation, attribution, aggression, and prosocial behavior. 4 credits.
  
  • PSY-213 Adulthood and Aging


    GER: HB (Empirical Study of Human Behavior)
    Prerequisite: PSY-111 
    Developmental changes across adulthood. Includes topics such as changes in memory functioning, physicality, caregiving, and socio-emotional processing. Selected topics related to atypical aging, such as Alzheimer’s disease and living to be a centenarian will also be addressed. 4 credits.
  
  • PSY-214 Health Psychology


    Prerequisite: PSY-111 
    Issues of health and illness from a biopsychosocial perspective. Examining how the body responds to stress, the role of personality, social relationships, coping and socio-economic status in health and chronic disease. Students will conduct a term-long personal health behavior project. 4 credits.
  
  • PSY-215 Organizational Psychology


    Prerequisite: PSY-111  
    An introduction to the study of industrial and organizational psychology, major techniques and initiatives employed by those in the field, and the challenges facing organizations and leaders today and in the future.  Topics include job analysis, job evaluation, legal issues in employee selection, recruiting, interviewing, references and testing, employee performance, job satisfaction, work motivation, leadership development, group behavior, teamwork, and work-life balance. 4 credits.
  
  • PSY-216 Personality


    Prerequisite: PSY-111 
    Study of the major theories of personality that have provided the historical groundwork and perspective for current personality research. Topics include psychoanalytic, trait, cognitive, behavioral, and humanistic theories. Students will learn about different personality theories and how they are tested empirically, become familiar with different methodologies for studying personality, and better understand what personality is and the role it plays in our lives. 4 credits.
  
  • PSY-218 Abnormal Psychology


    Prerequisite: PSY-111  
    An introduction to the study of psychopathology. Topics include the definition of mental illness, classification of psychopathology, a survey of the types of disorders, their etiologies, epidemiology and symptoms. 4 credits.
  
  • PSY-284 Stereotyping, Prejudice, and Discrimination


    PSY 111
    What are the social psychological factors explaining the causes and consequences of stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination? This course will cover empirical approaches to these issues. Students will examine the ways that everyday systems, practices, and artifacts can reproduce these harmful processes, even within an egalitarian, well-meaning society. Building from the research literature, students will evaluate and propose interventions to reduce stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination. 4
  
  • PSY-314 Psychometrics and Assessment


    Prerequisite: PSY-202  or BIO-222  and PSY-111  
    An introduction to the psychometric principles of test construction and test use and to the theories and methods of psychological assessment. 4 credits.
  
  • PSY-318 Clinical Psychology


    Prerequisite: PSY-202 BIO-222  or HSC-201  and PSY-218  
    Advanced study of how clinical psychologists assess, diagnose, and treat psychopathology. Topics include historical basis of clinical psychology, evidence-based assessments and treatments, ethics and multicultural competency, and professional training and practice. Designed for upper-level students considering a career in mental health or some other health-related field. 4 credits.
  
  • PSY-320 Introduction to Biopsychology


    GER: NWL (Empirical Study of the Natural World with laboratory)
    Prerequisite: PSY-202  or BIO-222 
    Study of the biological bases of behavior. Appropriate for all majors, particularly those with potential interest in neuroscience or neuropsychology. Fundamentals of brain structure (gross and fine anatomy) and function (neurophysiology and chemical transmission). Overview of sensory systems from peripheral to central processing, including perception. Study of motor pathways and diseases of movement. Introduction to human neuropsychology, motivation, mood, memory and cognition. Lab projects focus on neuroanatomy and sensory systems. 4 credits.
  
  • PSY-321 Psychopharmacology


    Prerequisite: PSY-320 
    An introduction to the mechanisms of drug action, effects, use and abuse. General topics include principles of pharmacology, neural substrates underlying drug addiction, and the therapeutic use of drugs for mental function. 4 credits.
  
  • PSY-322 Memory and Cognition


    Prerequisite: PSY-202  or BIO-222  and PSY-111  
    Examination of the research and theories of human memory and cognition. Topics include perception, attention, working memory, getting information into and out of long-term memory, forgetting, imagery, and problem-solving. Experimental approaches to studying these topics will be discussed. Lab projects focus on experimental methods for studying cognitive processes. 4 credits.
  
  • PSY-323 Animal Behavior


    Prerequisite: PSY-202  or BIO-222  
    Comparative analyses of behavior in a variety of nonhuman species.  Evolutionary theory is emphasized in the study of social behavior, aggression, reproductive and parental behavior, territoriality, predator-prey relationships, and other topics. 4 credits.
  
  • PSY-324 Learning


    Prerequisite: PSY-202  or BIO-222  and PSY-111  
    Introduction to the study of learning, emphasizing laboratory research of Pavlovian and instrumental conditioning in mostly nonhuman species.  Topics include reinforcement, extinction, stimulus control of behavior, avoidance, punishment, cognitive animal processes, and application of basic research to human behavior.  4 credits.
  
  • PSY-327 Functional Neuroanatomy


    Prerequisite: PSY-320  
    The anatomy of the brain and spinal cord, and how the structure of the central nervous system supports functions including homeostasis, perception, action, and cognition. Hands-on, interactive activities and student-centered learning. 4 credits.
  
  • PSY-328 Sensation and Perception


    NW (Natural World)
    PSY-202
    Examines the psychological and neural systems
    underlying sensory input processing and perceptual
    interpretations of stimuli. Laboratory time will
    allow for hands-on hypotheses-driven
    experimentation of course topics. Taste, smell,
    vision, hearing, touch and motion are emphasized. 4
  
  • PSY-403 Perspectives on Self and Identity


    Prerequisite: PSY-212  and PSY-202  or BIO-222 
    Advanced study of current and classic research on the self, particularly the processes involved in maintaining positive self-views. Topics may include the biases inherent in attributions, memories, and self-assessments, and the possible drawbacks associated with such biases. Read and discuss primary literature. Taught in seminar format. 4 credits.
  
  • PSY-404 Autism


    Prerequisite: PSY-211  and PSY-202  or BIO-222  
    Historical and contemporary theory and scientific research related to autism are examined. Areas of focus include biological and environmental underpinnings of the disorder, aspects of cognition and social development that are affected, and current interventions. An important part of the course is discussion with area experts who specialize in autism. Lab sessions focus on engagement with the local autism community. 4 credits.
  
  • PSY-413 Current Topics in Aging: Research and Practice


    Prerequisite: PSY-202  and PSY-213  
    This seminar requires students to read and discuss primary literature on current issues in the study of Adulthood and Aging. Topics may include memory, everyday problem solving, communication, caregiving, social networks and lifestyle. Group and independent research involving onsite observations and working directly with seniors will be required. 4 credits.
  
  • PSY-414 The Sleeping Brain


    Prerequisite: PSY-320  
    Why do we sleep? In this seminar course, students explore theories of the cognitive function of sleep through reading and discussion of primary source scientific literature, culminating in the development of a research paper on a topic of students’ choosing. 4 credits.
  
  • PSY-415 Placebo Effect


    Prerequisite: BIO-222 , HSC-201  or PSY-202 . PSY-214 Health Psychology  recommended, but not required.
    Advanced seminar consisting of student-led presentations and class discussions based on literature reviews and empirical journal articles. We will seek to understand the placebo response- why people sometimes derive real benefits from an inert treatment or procedure. Students will design an original empirical test of a placebo-related hypothesis and submit a APA-style manuscript proposing their study. 4 credits.
  
  • PSY-416 Brain Imaging


    Prerequisite: PSY-320  
    In-depth look into to the variety of medical brain imaging techniques that are used to address scientific questions in both the clinical and pre-clinical settings. Areas of focus will include: autoradiography, positron emission tomography (PET), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), and Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI). 4 credits.
  
  • PSY-417 Multisensory Processing


    (PSY-202 or BIO-222) and (PSY-320 or PSY-328)
    Sensory systems rarely work in isolation. Students
    will examine how perception is modulated by the
    combination of input from multiple sensory
    systems. Students will discuss scientific
    research, compose short reaction papers and design
    a research proposal. 4
  
  • PSY-418 Eating Disorders


    Prerequisite: PSY-202 , BIO-222 , or HSC-201  and PSY-218   
    Advanced study of eating disorders and obesity. Topics include clinical and subclinical eating disorders, obesity, diagnostic criteria, etiology, risk, preventive, and maintenance factors with an emphasis on prevention and treatment. Students will lead discussions, write a research proposal, present their research to the class, as well as engage in eating disorder prevention efforts in the community as part of an application lab. 4 credits.
  
  • PSY-421 Intergroup Relations


    Prerequisite:  PSY-202 or BIO-222
     

    Students will examine the psychological and contextual basis of intergroup relations. The disciplinary focus will emphasize social psychology as a medium between psychological and broader social science efforts to understand the formation of groups, and then the maintenance, consequences, and interventions into intergroup inequality. 4 credits

  
  • PSY-450 Advanced Research Techniques


    Prerequisite: PSY-202 
    An introduction to and preparation for independent research in a specific sub-field of psychology . Topics include specialized research methodologies, advanced statistics, oral and written communication of research findings, and ethics. A literature review, research proposal and oral presentation. May Experience ONLY. 2 credits.
  
  • PSY-451 Sleep and EEG Research Methods


    Prerequisite: PSY-202  or BIO-222 
    Students learn the fundamentals of EEG data collection and analysis through a mixture of instruction and hands-on experience. During the second half of the course, students will work together in small groups to design, execute, and analyze data from a simple EEG experiment. May Experience ONLY. 2 credits.
  
  • PSY-485 Memory & Metacognition of Learning


    PSY 201/202, PSY 322, or Permission of Instructor
    Capstone seminar exploring how cognitive psychology can be applied to educational contexts. We’ll examine study strategies, metacognition, and beliefs about learning. Students will read, discuss, and present on the primary source literature and will write an APA-style research proposal. 4
  
  • PSY-503 Individualized Internship


    Prerequisite: PSY-111  and instructor permission
    Provides majors with experience in professional psychology. Interns complete a minimum of 100 hours (4 credits) or 50 hours (2 credits) of on-site activities related to internship objectives, complete a comprehensive paper, participate in scheduled seminar meetings, and have individual meetings with their faculty and on-site supervisors. Must be enrolled pass-fail and cannot be included in the ten course psychology major. Graded on a pass-no pass basis. Cannot contribute to major requirements. Pass-no pass only. Variable credit.
  
  • PSY-505 Structured Internship


    Prerequisite: PSY-111  and instructor permission
    Provides majors with experience in mental-health fields. Students develop objectives for the internship experience, read relevant literature, complete a comprehensive paper, submit weekly reflective summaries of their internship activities, participate in biweekly seminar meetings, and present on their internship experience. Interns complete a minimum of 35 hours of site work per academic credit. Graded on a pass-no pass basis. Interns complete a minimum of 35 hours of site work per academic credit. Pass-no pass only. Variable credit.
  
  • PSY-509 Supervised Research


    Prerequisite: PSY-202  or BIO-222  and PSY-111  and instructor permission
    Participation in all or several phases of the research process, including literature review, research design, creation of materials and stimuli, data collection, data entry, and data analysis and interpretation. Mut produce a written or oral summary of the research project. Does not contribute to the 10 course major. May be retaken for credit. Does not contribute to major requirements. Variable credit.
  
  • PSY-510 Thesis


    Prerequisite: PSY-202  or BIO-222  and PSY-111  and instructor permission
    Conduct original research under the supervision of a three-person committee (chaired by the supervising faculty member). A proposal, research paper and an oral presentation are required.  May contribute only once to major requirements. 4 credits.

Religion

  
  • REL-101 Introduction to Religion


    GER: UQ (Ultimate Questions)
    Exploration of the phenomenon of religion as manifested in the variety of religious experiences and expressions, including symbols, myths, rituals, and religious literature. Sacred writings from a variety of religious traditions will be considered. Rather than a systematic introduction to individual traditions, this course considers the nature of common religious forms.  4 credits.
  
  • REL-111 Bible and Ultimate Meaning


    GER: UQ (Ultimate Questions)
    A study of selected biblical texts with an a focus on ultimate questions raised and addressed by those texts. Throughout consideration is given to the fact that not only different perspectives on these questions but also different answers are voiced within the Bible itself.  Typical topics include: creation, the human condition, death, salvation, the nature of God and divine/human interaction, wisdom, happiness, and a variety of ethical issues with contemporary relevance. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-115 Abrahamic Religions in the Mediterranean


    Study of the histories, cultural expressions and architectures, and mutual influences and relationships of cooperation and competition between Judaism, Christianity, and Islam in the Mediterranean. May experience 2 credits
  
  • REL-125 Religions of the World


    GER: WC (World Cultures)
    Important ideas and practices of selected major religions in historical and cultural context. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-200 Introduction to Biblical Hebrew


    Introduction to the grammar, syntax, and vocabulary of biblical Hebrew. The focus is on learning to translate texts from the Hebrew Bible with the assistance of electronic tools, for the purpose of supporting students’ critical exegesis of the biblical text. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-210 Introduction to the Old Testament


    GER: TA (critical, analytical interpretation of texts)
    The Old Testament in its historical context, with emphases on the forms and contents of its literature and the religion of ancient Israel. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-211 New Testament and Early Christianity


    GER: TA (critical, analytical interpretation of texts)
    Study of the New Testament and other early Christian writings in the context of the social and historical development of Jesus communities both within and outside of Judaism. Emphasis on the diversity of early Christian texts and communities. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-212 Genesis


    GER: UQ (Ultimate Questions)
    Close interpretation of Genesis through Jewish and Christian history, modern scholarship, and personal engagement. Questions include the structure of creation, the meaning of life, and the interaction between God and the world in mythic narratives. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-214 Apocalypse


    An examination of the apocalyptic genre, including its literary, cultural, and historical features as well as its theological motifs. Focus on apocalyptic texts in the Hebrew Bible, the Christian Scriptures, and non-canonical documents. The appropriation of apocalyptic themes throughout history in artistic forms such as art, fiction, and film, with particular attention to how apocalyptic thinking continues to shape 21st century ways of being in the world. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-216 Digital Bible


    GER: TA (critical, analytical interpretation of texts)
    An introduction to the philosophy and method of biblical translation and interpretation, particularly drawing upon digital resources such as online texts, ebooks, and biblical software. An academic interpretation of the Bible, using electronic tools to explore the original Hebrew and Greek and to evaluate English translations of the Bible and theological arguments based on them. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-220 Introduction to Judaism


    GER: UQ (Ultimate Questions)
    Overview of the development, beliefs and practices of Judaism. Historical, cultural, and theological issues related to Judaism’s influence on and interaction with Christianity and Islam, are considered throughout. Significant here are the nature of humanity, the concept of the people of God and chosenness, the messiah, the relationship to the land of Israel, and Zionism.   4 credits.
  
  • REL-221 Native American Religions


    GER: UQ (Ultimate Questions) and WC (World Cultures)
    Considers the diverse sacred stories, rituals, and worldviews of selected Native American tribes and the way in which geography, climate, and experience, both individual and social, are related to them.  Common themes that are markedly different from those of European cultures, such as the sacredness of nature and the lack of a separate category of life identified as religion are also considered. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-222 Introduction to Islam


    GER: UQ (Ultimate Questions) and WC (World Cultures)
    An examination of the origins and development of Islam,the world’s second largest religious tradition. Particular attention is given to the formation of Islamic faith andpractice as well as contemporary manifestations of Islam in Asia, Africa, and North America. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-223 Hindu Cultures and Religious Worlds


    GER: UQ (Ultimate Questions) and WC (World Cultures)
    Exploration of Hindu beliefs and practices with an emphasis on major religious themes that link classical traditions with popular piety. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-224 Introduction to Buddhism


    GER: UQ (Ultimate Questions) and WC (World Cultures)
    Examining the doctrines, practices, and communal life of the Buddhist religious tradition. Beginning with the origins of Buddhism in India, its spread and transformation through Asia and to the West. Exploring the various interpretations about Buddhology, the meaning of Dharma and how it becomes embodied in practice. Studying the Buddhist perspectives and approaches to issues and challenges Buddhist face in the modern world. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-225 Religion in Africa


    GER: UQ (Ultimate Questions) and WC (World Cultures)
    Introduction to major religious cultures of Africa. It explores three major types: African Traditional Religions (ATR), African Islam, and African Christianity. Focus on the variety of beliefs concerning Divinity, creation, the human person, and society. Relationship of these ideas to symbolic, ritual, and communal dimension of African life. Special attention to the role of Christianity as a catalyst of change, the emergence of the African Independent Churches (AIC), and new African theologies. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-226 Eastern Orthodoxy and Roman Catholicism


    GER: UQ (Ultimate Questions)
    The development, beliefs, institutions, and public and private practices of Eastern Orthodox Christianity and Roman Catholicism. Relationship of these traditions to each other and to Protestantism also examined. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-227 Religions of South Asia


    GER: WC (World Cultures)
    Introduction to contemporary religions of South Asia by examining the religions that have developed in the Indian subcontinent151Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism, and Sikhism151as well as the influences of religions born elsewhere–Islam, Christianity, and others. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-228 History of God


    GER: UQ (Ultimate Questions)
    Survey of scriptures and theologies of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam in historical perspective. Emphasis on the historical backgrounds in which the three Abrahamic religions arose, the development of sacred scriptures, and the theological struggles of late antiquity and early medieval times shaping orthodox as well as heterodox segments of these three religions. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-229 Sufi Islam


    GER: UQ (Ultimate Questions) and WC (World Cultures)
    The history, contemporary practices, and worldview of Sufism, the mystical branch of Islam. Following an overview of Islam and Sufism’s development within the larger Islamic tradition, the course examines the way in which Sufi practitioners, practices, and institutions profoundly influenced the culture, religion, and politics of the world, especially in the Middle East, Central and South Asia, and North Africa. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-230 Religion in America


    GER: HA (Historical Analysis of Human Interactions)
    Historical survey of belief systems and practices of the religions and civil religion of Americans and the relationship of these to American culture. Emphasis on principal denominations and movements within and growing out of Judaism and Christianity. Native American religions, the American form of selected other religions, new religious movements studied briefly. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-232 African-American Religious History


    GER: HA (Historical Analysis of Human Interactions)
    A survey of prominent figures, themes, issues, and developments in African American religion in the United States and how these individuals and ideas shaped and continue to shape African American religious expression. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-233 Martin Luther King and the Religion of Social Reform


    GER: UQ (Ultimate Questions)
    An examination of Martin Luther King, Jr.’s religious background, his theological development, and the ways in which his intellectual and religious life influenced and continues to influence American religious life and thought. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-235 History of Christianity to 600 CE


    GER: HA (Historical Analysis of Human Interactions)
    Surveys the history of Christianity from the apostolic era to the end of late antiquity (roughly 600 CE). Emphasis on the interplay of religious and cultural change, with special attention to institutional developments and to popular devotional practices. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-236 History of Christianity in the Middle Ages


    GER: HA (Historical Analysis of Human Interactions)
    Survey of Christian civilizations in the Middle Ages (c. 600-1500), both in the Latin West, as well as in the Byzantine and Syriac East. Attention will be paid to the social, institutional, and intellectual dimensions of religious life, as well as to ways in which understandings of an idealized “Christendom” affected interactions with religious others, especially Muslims and Jews. 4 credits
  
  • REL-237 Reformation and Modernity


    GER: HA (Historical Analysis of Human Interactions)
    A survey of the History of Christianity from the late Middle Ages through the Early Modern Period. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-239 Material Religion in Reformation Europe


    Conducted on-site in Italy, Germany, and Switzerland, this course will introduce students to the dramatic upheavals in the visual and material cultures of Western Europe brought about by the religious reform movements of the sixteenth century.  May Experience ONLY. 2 credits.
  
  • REL-240 Basic Christian Theology


    GER: UQ (Ultimate Questions)
    Introduction to what the Christian community as a whole has believed, taught, and confessed on the basis of Scripture and theological reflection. Examining the nature of theology, and its traditional expressions in such topics as the Trinitarian understanding of God, human sinfulness, reconciliation, and servant hood, and God146s relation to the world in creation, providence, and eschaton. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-241 Christian Classics


    GER: UQ (Ultimate Questions)
    Interpretation of texts expressing the devotional tradition of Christian faith, with emphasis on their time, place, and ecclesiastical tradition, as well as the perennial human issues they raise. Texts vary, but can include works by Augustine, Francis of Assisi, Julian of Norwich, Martin Luther, John Woolman, Soren Kierkegaard and Dietrich Bonhoeffer. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-242 Modern Christian Thought


    GER: UQ (Ultimate Questions)
    Introduction to Christian thought in the western tradition with a focus on the European Enlightenment critiques and counter-critiques, the Romantic movement, and the rise of modern historical consciousness. Emphasis will be on liberal Protestantism; however, Catholic modernism will also be discussed. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-246 Body and Soul in Christian Thought


    Exploration of Christian debates over human nature and the quest for God, drawing on sources from the first through the seventeenth centuries. Among our questions will be: What are human beings? How are human beings reconciled to God? What is the relationship between human and divine in Jesus Christ? 4 credits.
  
  • REL-247 God, War and Empire


    GER: UQ (Ultimate Questions)
    Examine the intersection of politics and religion in the context of armed conflict. Read a range of classic and contemporary texts and apply concepts to historic and contemporary case studies. Topics include violence and the state in the Hebrew Bible and in Hellenistic philosophy, the political aims and pacifism of Jesus; the emergence of “just war” traditions of theology and jurisprudence in Christianity and Islam; and religious rhetoric in American foreign policy. Discuss the ways theology and political theory bring insights to the most pressing contemporary legal and foreign policy issues. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-248 Religion and the Environment


    GER: UQ (Ultimate Questions) and NE (Humans and the Natural Environment)
    The relationship of religious traditions to the natural world, in historical, theological, and ethical perspectives. Topics include: human attitudes to nature; biblical traditions concerning creation; Christian and scientific views of nature; the current ecological crisis; and resources for respecting nature within the world’s spiritual traditions. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-249 History of Christianity in the Middle Ages


    Historical Analysis (HA)
    A survey of Christian civilizations in the Middle Ages (c. 600-1500), both in the Latin West, as well as in the Byzantine and Syriac East. Attention will be paid to the social, institutional, and intellectual dimensions of religious life, as well as to ways in which understandings of an idealized “Christendom” affected interactions with religious others, especially Muslims and Jews. 4
  
  • REL-251 Jerusalem: One City, Three Faiths


    GER: HA (Historical Analysis of Human Interactions)
    The history of the city of Jerusalem from biblical times to the present with a particular emphasis on Jewish, Christian, and Muslims claims to and interactions with this city. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-252 Judaism in the Time of Jesus


    GER: HA (Historical Analysis of Human Interactions)
    Extra-biblical primary sources, both literary and archaeological, for Judaism from the late Second Temple Period (c. 2nd century B.C.E. through 1st century C. E.). Attention will also be paid to Jewish sources from a wider time frame and to the emergence of the early Christian community in Jerusalem. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-253 Jainism: Karma and Liberation


    An introduction to the doctrines, rituals, and
    ethics of Jain religious practice. Attention given
    to historical and cultural context of community.
    We link classical forms to contemporary
    expressions. Topics include: the role of ascetic
    practice, the relation between lay and monastics,
    the significance of karma, rebirth and spiritual
    liberation, and the centrality of Ahimsa
    (non-violence) to Jain practice. In the course, we
    also look at adaptations of Jain practice in the
    South Carolina. 2
  
  • REL-254 Religion and SciFi


    UQ (Ultimate Questions)
    An examination of the religious themes that inhabit contemporary science fiction film and television. 4 credits
  
  • REL-260 Religion and Literature


    GER: TA (Critical, Analytical Interpretations of Text)
    Readings of novels, poems, plays, chiefly modern, with emphasis on human transformation, the relationship between narrative structure and religious meaning, and the sacramental imagination. Texts have included works by Tolstoy, Hesse, Sartre, F. O’Connor, W. Percy, Dinesen, Robbe-Grillet, Kundera, and works on narrative theology and literary criticism. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-261 Brothers Karamazov


    Intensive study of Fyodor Dostoyevsky’s novel, The Brothers Karamazov. The possibility of faith, Christianity as an organized religion, the relation of beauty to truth, the confrontation between good and evil, the nature of history, and the existence of God. Emphasis will be on the novel itself, but some attention will be given to critical sources. May Experience ONLY. 2 credits.
  
  • REL-262 Religion and Art


    GER: VP (Visual and Performing Arts) and WC (World Cultures)
    Exploration of the relationship between aesthetic material expressions of religion (e.g., architecture sculpture, icons) and religious orthodoxy (i.e., belief) & orthopraxy (i.e., practice)in three religious traditions: Christianity, Islam, and Hinduism. 4 credits.
  
  • REL-263 The Bible in Modern Culture


    Exploration of controversial issues related to the Bible in modern culture, with emphasis on biblical passages that have been at the center of passionate religious debate. Topics will include creation and evolution; Jesus and Christian theology; war and violence; and identity issues related to gender, sexuality, and race. May Experience ONLY. 2 credits.
  
  • REL-264 Carolina Dharma: Ritual Spaces among Hindus and Jains


    The contextualization of Hindu, Jain, and Buddhist traditions in upstate South Carolina. Historical and cultural background of the region, especially examining the impact of Evangelical Christianity on its norms and values. Development of Hindu, Jain, and Buddhist communities over the last forty years and the role that ritual practice and the construction of sacred spaces (Hindu Temples, Buddhist viharas) has played in the adaptive process. May Experience ONLY. 2 credits.
 

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